MS medium works for most species. WPM works better for some — specifically woody plants, highland species, and acid-adapted crops. Here’s how to decide which to use.
Contamination is the cost every TC lab absorbs — but not equally. Labs that track it carefully find most events cluster around a small number of fixable causes. Here are the seven.
Setting up a TC lab in India is more accessible than most people assume — if you plan it right. Here’s an honest breakdown of what it costs, what you actually need, and where most new labs go wrong.
How BAP and NAA work, the auxin–cytokinin ratio, typical concentrations, and a practical rooting protocol example.
What you actually need to start a functional TC lab in India, what you can skip, and a realistic budget starting under ₹25,000.
A thorough look at Murashige and Skoog medium — its composition, pH, autoclaving, half-strength variants, and practical notes for Indian labs.
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